CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Central Nervous System:

·         Brain

Forebrain – Cerebrum (frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes)

Diencephalon (thalamus, hypothalamus and limbic system)

Midbrain – Mesencephalon

Hindbrain – Pons, Medulla and Cerebellum

·         Nerve tissue

Neurons

Synapses

Neurotransmitters

·         Spinal Cord

Fiber Tracts

Spinal Nerves

Peripheral Nervous System:

·         Afferent System

Forebrain – Sensory neurons  (somatic and visceral)

·         Efferent System

Somatic Nervous System (visceral motor neurons)

Parasympathetic Nervous System (visceral motor neurons)

 

SYMPATHETIC VS PARASYMPATHETIC EFFETCS

 

Eye (Pupil) - dilation, constriction

Nasal Mucosa – mucus reduction, mucus increased

Salivary Gland – saliva reduction, saliva increased

Heart – rate increased, rate decreased

Arteries – constriction, dilation

Lung – bronchial muscle relaxation, bronchial muscle contraction

Gastrointestinal tract – decreased motility, increased motility

Liver – conversion of glycogen to glucose increased, glycogen synthesis

Kidney – decreased urine, increased urine

Kidney – increased urine, decreased urine

Bladder – contraction of sphincter, relaxation of sphincter

Sweat glands – increased sweating, no change